Accountability should be a powerful driver of progress on aid effectiveness and poverty reduction. At the same time, to make progress on aid and development effectiveness, it is crucial that the workings of accountability across its various domains are in tune, working in harmony rather than at cross-purposes.

This report analyses the existing literature on domestic and mutual accountability at the country level. From this, it sets out a conceptual framework and proposes a series of case studies to stimulate dialogue and share experience about how the synergies between domestic and mutual accountability for aid can be strengthened in order to enhance aid effectiveness and drive progress on poverty reduction.