This speech by Jonathan Glennie to an ODI event on 6 July 2011 considers what should the role of the DAC be as the “aidscape” becomes ever more complex? Does the UN have a leading role to play? Does the presence of non-traditional development actors represent a challenge for recipient countries seeking to assert their leadership, or can less orthodox approaches to development and governance strengthen country ownership? What will the next five years of aid effectiveness look like?