This briefing paper examines the provisions of the Lomé Convention (1975). The paper highlights the differences between the new convention and those of its predecessor, the Yaoundé Convention of Association, 1969. The paper considers the extent to which the new provisions meet the recommendations of the House of Commons Select Committee on Overseas Development. It concludes that the Lomé Convention is the most significant and comprehensive expression of the European Community’s policy toward ACP (African, Caribbean and Pacific) developing countries.